Treatment planning for Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy for head and neck cancer

We are investigating the feasibility of interstitial (iPDT), using multiple linear light sources positioned within the tumour. In an on-going feasibility study, 16 patients with incurable SCC at the base tongue have been treated with iPDT as a last treatment option. Preliminary results are encouraging with a long-term complete response in 8 out of 16 patients who have failed standard treatment. There is strong evidence that the partial responders are a direct result of inadequate light delivery. Accurate light dosimetry has not yet been performed during iPDT in head and neck, we therefore propose the development of dedicated iPDT verification and planning technology to improve the clinical response and reduce the occurrence of side effects. We propose to develop a 3-step approach: 1) Pretreatment planning, based on MRI in which a tumour and a risk volume are identified. A simple planning algorithm will then estimate the optimal positions, amount and lengths of the linear light sources. 2) Verification 3D imaging e.g. X-ray C-arm of the source locations after placement, 3) Modification of the pretreatment planning based on the actual source locations. The modification step will be executed in two phases; initially aiming to implement a simple planning strategy. This approach will be based on iPDT induced tissue damage and does not take into account any patient specific PDT parameters. In the second phase we aim to investigate methods to measure the actual light transport within the tumour and risk volumes. These measurements enables for a patient tailored inverse planning strategy aiming for improved accuracy. The performance of the proposed planning strategies and their clinical results will be evaluated by mutual comparison and previous results. The clinical results so far indicate good conservation of functions i.e. swallowing, and excellent local control of the tumour. Interstitial PDT may offer an excellent alternative or adjuvant for conventional treatment modalities.